在工业生产与社会活动的背后，危险废物如同潜伏的 “环境杀手”，若处置不当，会对生态与健康造成严重威胁。危废暂存间作为危险废物从产生到最终处理的中间枢纽，扮演着 “安全驿站” 的关键角色。它凭借严谨的功能设计与先进的技术手段，将危险隔绝在可控范围内，为危险废物的规范管理筑牢第一道防线。

　　Behind industrial production and social activities, hazardous waste is like a hidden "environmental killer". If not disposed of properly, it can pose a serious threat to ecology and health. The hazardous waste temporary storage room serves as an intermediate hub for the generation and final treatment of hazardous waste, playing a key role as a "safety station". It relies on rigorous functional design and advanced technological means to isolate hazards within a controllable range, laying a solid first line of defense for the standardized management of hazardous waste.

　　1. 分类存储：让危险 “各就其位”

　　1. Classified storage: Let danger be "in its own place"

　　危废暂存间的首要功能是实现危险废物的分类管理。不同种类的危险废物（如废酸、废碱、重金属废液、含油抹布、医疗废物等）具有不同的物理化学性质，混合存放可能引发化学反应，加剧泄漏风险。暂存间内设置独立的存储区域，通过地面划线、标识牌明确区分不同类别，甚至配备专属容器（如防腐蚀的聚乙烯储罐、防爆的金属密闭桶）。例如，具有挥发性的有机废物与易产生火花的废矿物油需分区域存放，两者间距需符合防火规范；固态危废与液态危废需通过防渗托盘、围堰进一步隔离，防止渗滤液交叉污染。这种 “精准分区” 的存储方式，不仅便于后续处理时的高效转运，更从源头避免了风险叠加。

　　The primary function of the hazardous waste temporary storage room is to achieve classified management of hazardous waste. Different types of hazardous waste (such as waste acid, waste alkali, heavy metal waste liquid, oily cloth, medical waste, etc.) have different physical and chemical properties, and mixed storage may cause chemical reactions, exacerbating the risk of leakage. Set up independent storage areas in the temporary storage room, clearly distinguish different categories through ground markings and signs, and even equip dedicated containers (such as corrosion-resistant polyethylene storage tanks and explosion-proof metal sealed drums). For example, volatile organic waste and spark prone waste mineral oil need to be stored in separate areas, with a distance that complies with fire safety regulations; Solid hazardous waste and liquid hazardous waste need to be further isolated through impermeable trays and cofferdams to prevent cross contamination of leachate. This "precise partitioning" storage method not only facilitates efficient transportation during subsequent processing, but also avoids risk accumulation from the source.

　　2. 风险控制：全天候守护 “零泄漏”

　　2. Risk control: guarding "zero leakage" 24/7

　　危险废物在暂存期间可能因包装破损、外界环境影响（如高温、雨水）产生泄漏、挥发等问题，危废暂存间通过多重措施将风险降至最低。

　　During the temporary storage period, hazardous waste may experience leakage, volatilization, and other issues due to packaging damage or external environmental factors such as high temperatures and rainwater. The hazardous waste temporary storage room takes multiple measures to minimize the risk.

　　防泄漏设计：液态危废存储区设置围堰或导流槽，围堰高度不低于液体容器的 110%，确保意外泄漏时液体被有效拦截；固态危废下方铺设防渗漏托盘，托盘材质耐酸碱、耐高温，且具有一定承重能力。

　　Leak prevention design: Set up cofferdams or diversion channels in the liquid hazardous waste storage area, with the height of the cofferdam not less than 110% of the liquid container, to ensure that the liquid is effectively intercepted in case of accidental leakage; Lay anti-seepage trays underneath solid hazardous waste, with tray materials that are acid and alkali resistant, high temperature resistant, and have a certain load-bearing capacity.

　　环境控制：针对易挥发的危废，暂存间配备通风系统，保持室内空气流通，降低有害气体浓度；对于对温度敏感的危废（如某些化学试剂），设置温控设备，将温度控制在安全区间，避免因高温引发分解或爆炸。

　　Environmental control: For volatile hazardous waste, the temporary storage room is equipped with a ventilation system to maintain indoor air circulation and reduce the concentration of harmful gases; For temperature sensitive hazardous waste (such as certain chemical reagents), temperature control equipment should be installed to keep the temperature within a safe range and avoid decomposition or explosion caused by high temperatures.

　　应急防护：配备充足的应急物资，如吸附棉、中和剂、灭火器、防护手套等，一旦发生小规模泄漏，现场人员可迅速采取堵漏、吸附、中和等措施，防止污染扩散。

　　Emergency protection: Equipped with sufficient emergency supplies such as absorbent cotton, neutralizing agents, fire extinguishers, protective gloves, etc. In the event of a small-scale leak, on-site personnel can quickly take measures such as plugging, adsorption, neutralization, etc. to prevent pollution from spreading.

　　3. 合规中转：衔接 “产生” 与 “处置” 的桥梁

　　3. Compliance transfer: a bridge connecting "generation" and "disposal"

　　危废暂存间是满足环保法规要求的必要环节。根据相关规定，危险废物不能长期堆积在产生场所，需在暂存间内短期存放并及时转运至有资质的处理机构。暂存间内建立完善的台账管理系统，记录每一批次危废的产生时间、种类、数量、包装状态、出入库时间及接收单位信息，确保 “来源可查、去向可追”。这种合规的中转功能，既避免了企业因违规存储面临的法律风险，也为后续处理提供了清晰的原始数据，实现危险废物从产生到处置的全链条闭环管理。

　　The temporary storage room for hazardous waste is a necessary link to meet environmental regulations. According to relevant regulations, hazardous waste cannot be accumulated in the production site for a long time. It needs to be stored in a temporary storage room for a short period of time and promptly transported to qualified treatment institutions. Establish a comprehensive ledger management system in the temporary storage room to record the generation time, type, quantity, packaging status, inbound and outbound time, and receiving unit information of each batch of hazardous waste, ensuring "traceable source and traceable destination". This compliant transfer function not only avoids legal risks faced by enterprises due to illegal storage, but also provides clear raw data for subsequent processing, achieving closed-loop management of hazardous waste from generation to disposal.

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